Herbs, Vitamins & Minerals
Vitamin D
What is it?
Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that is found in food and can also be made in your body after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun. The primary function of vitamin D in the body is to maintain normal blood levels of calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D aids in the absorption of calcium, helping to form and maintain strong bones. Without vitamin D, bones can become thin, brittle, soft, or misshapen. Vitamin D prevents rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, which are skeletal diseases that result in defects that weaken bones.
What are sources of Vitamin D?
Fortified foods such as milk products and breakfast cereals are the major dietary sources of Vitamin D. Foods naturally rich in Vitamin D include the flesh of fatty fish, some fish liver oils, and eggs from hens fed vitamin D. Although milk is fortified with vitamin D, dairy products made from milk, such as cheese and ice creams, are generally not fortified with vitamin D and contain only small amounts.
Food sources of vitamin D
| Food | International Units(IU) per serving |
| Cod liver oil, 1 Tablespoon | 1,360 |
| Salmon, cooked, 3½ ounces | 360 |
| Mackerel, cooked, 3½ ounces | 345 |
| Tuna fish, canned in oil, 3 ounces | 200 |
| Sardines, canned in oil, drained, 1¾ ounces | 250 |
| Milk 1 cup | 98 |
| Margarine, fortified, 1 tablespoon | 60 |
| Pudding, prepared from mix and made with vitamin D fortified milk, ½ cup | 50 |
| Ready-to-eat cereals, ¾ cup to 1 cup servings (servings vary according to the brand) | 40 |
| Egg, 1 whole | 20 |
| Liver, beef, cooked, 3½ ounces | 15 |
| Cheese, Swiss, 1 ounce | 12 |