What you need to know about high smoke point oil

Have you heard about the smoke point of oils? As a Dietitian we sometimes get asked about olive oil smoke point or which are the best cooking oils for your health.

Oils are a fundamental part of cooking and baking, but there are so many to choose from, so how do you know which one is best?

Oils are extracted through a pressing process of seeds, nuts, olives, coconuts and more. Each oil has its own chemical composition – meaning they are better suited for different cooking methods than others. Oils are often used in salad dressings, marinades, baking, frying, roasting and so much more. There are a few factors to consider when choosing which oil to use for each cooking method including these 4 factors I will explore in detail in the article below:

• Smoke point
• Taste or flavour of the oil itself
• Refined versus unrefined oils
• Frequency of how often you use the oil

Smoke Point of Oils

One of the biggest things to consider when choosing an oil is the smoke point. The smoke point of an oil is the temperature at which the oil starts to break down (the oil begins to oxidize and literally smoke). This impacts the taste and properties of the oil as chemicals are released, when the oil breaks down that gives a burnt or bitter flavour. As taste is an important factor in the outcome of a recipe you want to consider an oil’s smoke point when choosing which oil you will use.

Ask yourself…

• How long will I be cooking the dish and at what temperature?
• What is the cooking method I will be using?
• When you have considered these questions you can choose the right oil for your dish.

Oils with a high smoke point such as avocado oil or sunflower oil should be used for searing, browning or deep-frying.

Oils with medium-high smoke points such as canola oil or olive oil are better for baking or stir-frying.

Then there are “no heat oils” such as walnut oil or flaxseed oil which are best for dips and dressings.

Here is a helpful chart of the smoke point of oils:

Wondering about olive oil smoke point and other of your favourite cooking oils? This chart can help!

Taste and Flavour of Cooking Oils

Another thing to consider is the unique flavour oils have naturally.

Oils can be flavourful or neutral in taste. For some recipes, this is desirable and can complement the meal but for others, it can add a distinct taste to a dish that can overpower the other flavours.

• Sesame oil had a very distinct flavour that works well in Asian dishes.
• Coconut oil gives a tropical flavour and works well in baking or stir-fries.
• Canola, safflower or corn oil are more neutral oils and better for baking.
• Extra virgin olive oil has a stronger flavour than the light version making it good for dips, dressings and cold dishes due to its lower smoke point.
• Light olive oil is better for baking due to its higher smoke point, sautéing, grilling or frying.

Refined vs Unrefined Cooking Oils

Once oils are pressed or extracted from the food item, they can either be bottled immediately or undergo further refining and processing.

When oils are left unrefined they are defined as unrefined, cold-pressed, raw or virgin. These oils tend to contain a higher natural flavour from the product they were extracted from as well as have a higher level of nutrients. However, these oils tend to have lower smoke points.

Refined oils are processed through chemicals or heating to remove any unstable compounds that break down easily in the unrefined oils. These oils are more neutral in states and typically have a higher smoke point.

Frequency of Use

Oils can go rancid if not stored properly (meaning they can smell and taste ‘off’). Oils will oxidize with sunlight and air.

When purchasing oils, ensure you keep them in dark bottles in a cool dry pantry. If you do not use a certain type of oil often try purchasing smaller bottles to help avoid waste.

You can also consider keeping the oils in the fridge however many liquid oils will solidify in the fridge due to their saturated fat content. (Canola oil can be refrigerated and remain liquid so works well if you are making a vinaigrette).

Never use an oil if it smells bad.

Commonly Used Cooking Oils

Light olive oil

Light olive oil does not mean light in calories, it means it has been treated with chemical solvents to neutralize the flavour, making it lighter in taste and colour. It also has a higher smoke point due to its refining process so better for higher heat cooking.

Extra virgin olive oil

A darker colour with a robust flavour full of spicey, fruity and floral notes depending on where the olives were grown. It has a lower smoke point so not ideal for high-temperature cooking.

Peanut oil

Even though it has a nutty scent and flavour it is a more neutral oil. Due to its high smoke point, it is often used for stir-fires and frying. Its flavour pairs well with Asian-themed dishes.

Coconut oil

As it is solid at room temperature it is not ideal for vinaigrettes but more suited for low heat cooking due to its low smoke point. When melted it has a tropical smell but mild taste which goes well with baking. Due to its similar consistency to butter, it is often used in non-dairy baked goods.

Canola oil

Locally grown in Canada. It has a light texture, neutral in colour and flavour, and has a higher smoke point. Often used in recipes when other flavour profiles are desired to dominate. Ideal for a vinaigrette you want to refrigerate as it does not harden in the refrigerator. Check out this blog post if you’re wondering if canola oil is healthy and safe.

Avocado oil

Has an extremely high smoke point thus ideal for roasting or searing when using high heat. It tends to have a slightly grassy flavour until cooked when it becomes more neutral.

Walnut oil

Has a very rich and nutty flavour which makes it ideal for recipes which call for such distinct flavours. It has a very low smoke point so it is not recommended to be heated as it can become bitter.

Infused oils

You can purchase oils that have already been infused with different flavours or make them yourself. The best oils to use for this are extra virgin oil, grapeseed, peanut or sunflower oil. You can also use walnut oil but only if you are using the oil cold since it’s not ideal for heating.

To make your own infused oil, you can add dried herbs, garlic or fruit peels to a jar, fill with oil, shake and store for 2-3 weeks (the longer you leave it the more flavour will infuse) then strain out the herbs and enjoy!

If you are looking to make some of your own homemade infused oils feel free to check out this blog post for some inspiration: Herb Infused Oils

5 Yummy Recipes That Use Different Oils

Here are a few of my favourite recipes that use a few of the above oils we’ve talked about:

Hoisin sauce:

4 tbsp reduced-sodium soy sauce
2 tbsp peanut butter
2 tsp sesame oil
1 tbsp molasses or honey
2 tsp rice vinegar
1 tsp sriracha hot sauce (more or less depending on how spicy you like it)
1 garlic clove, minced
Combine all ingredients in a bowl and whisk until smooth.

Basic vinaigrette:

1/2 cup extra virgin olive oil
3 tbsp vinegar of choice (balsamic, red wine, white wine, apple cider)
1 tbsp dijon mustard
1 tbsp maple syrup or honey
2 med cloves garlic minced
salt and pepper to taste

Combine all ingredients and whisk well.

Lime vinaigrette:

Zest and juice of 1 lime
1/4 cup light olive oil
2 tsp honey (or white sugar) or to taste
1 tbsp apple cider vinegar
1/4 -1/2 tsp cumin
1/4-1/2 tsp paprika
1/8-1/4 tsp chilli powder
1/4-1/2 tsp garlic powder

Place all ingredients in a mason jar and then shake to combine

Grilled salad:

1 head of romaine lettuce
Avocado oil
salt and pepper
salad dressing of choice
parm or feta cheese
bacon bits
croutons

Cut lettuce in half lengthwise keeping root in tact. Brush with avocado oil and season with salt and pepper. Grill each side until grill marks start to form (a few minutes on each side). Drizzle with dressing and top with cheese, bacon and croutons.

Tropical granola:

1 cup rolled oats
1 cup macadamia nuts
1/2 cup almonds
1/2 cup pumpkin seeds
1 cup unsweetened coconut shavings
1/2 cup flax seeds
1/2 cup dried pineapple
1/2 cup dried mango
2/3 – 3/4 cup maple syrup
1/3 cup coconut oil
1 tsp vanilla
1 tsp coconut extract

Toast oats, macadamia, almonds, pumpkin seeds, coconut, and flax seeds in the oven at 375 degrees, stirring occasionally until lightly brown. Transfer to a large bowl. In a saucepan bring syrup, coconut oil, vanilla, and coconut extract to a boil until all melted and combined. Pour over the oat mixture and stir until coated. Spread on a cookie sheet and bake until golden brown, about 25-35 minutes. Toss through the dried fruit and let cool.

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